Resilient wheel



'1...L,GARVER. RESIL'IENT WHEEL. APPLICATIONILED APR. 21.4. 1917.

Patented Feb. 8

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L R w M R Wwf@ l MT OUYA J. L. GARVER.

RESIUENT WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED APR.2I, 1917.

1,367,596. Patented Feb. s, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Fitj-5. l Fiqi, Fild S INVENTUR ATTDRNEYEI.

l. l.. GARVER.

RESILIENT WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED APILZI, I9I7.

1,367596. manned Feb. 8,1921.

I I? EI.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

INVENTDR @im IIIYMM ATTEIRNEYEI.

elastic facing 30a. On its front side the intermediate disk is provided with a pluralityT of intermediate cushion lugs or seats 31 which are arranged in an annular row and each oit which projects forwardlyr into one of the segmental openings 28 of the trout disk and is adapted to normally engage with the stop at one end of this opening, as shown in Fig. 1. The intermediate disk is also provided with an annular row or segmental openings 32 which are preferably arranged cir-cuniterentially in line with the cushion lugs 31 thereof.

@n its front side the rear disk is provided with an annular row of rear driving lugs or seats 33 eaeh of which projects torivardlyr through a companion pair oi segmental openings 32j 255, in the intermediate and front disks between the spring seat 29 at one end oit the respective opening in the trent disk and the cushion lug 31 of the intermediate disk arranged in the opposite end ot the respective slot oi' the iront disk.

Se represents a plurality ot springs ranged in an annular row around the axle o'i the Wheel and each hearing.;` at one end against the spring seat 29 at one end or one of the openings 28 in the iront disk While the opposite end oi" this spring hears against one side of the driving lug 33 of the rear disk. represents an annular row of springs arranged around the anis `oi the Wheel and each hearing;` at one end against the cushion lug 31 of the intermediate disk in one opening` 2S of the front disk while its opposite end bears against the opposite side of the driving` lug' 3B eli' the rear disk ranged in the saine opening` or" the iront disk. Each pair of springs 3ft and 35 coin stitute a unit. The springs Se and are prefeialolj,r arranged in the saine eireuniierential line lout alternate with each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. 1t is obvious that the springs may he caged and that springs of Varying sizes et material. and of varyin lengths may he used by which nieans the resilient action of the Wheel may he iiidelf,7 modified.

rissuine that the Wheel is at rest and that a load is imposed upon the huh which will cause the latter to nieve radially downward in a substantially Vertical line toward the lo'werniost part oi.' the riin. 1n this case7 the front disk will slidingly ulernm hy means of that one or more o its hearing shoes on the companion aloutinents which are 'farthest to the lett in Fig. 1 and Cause this disk to turn about the huh in the direction el: the arrow 36 in this figure, and at the saine time7 the intermediate disk will slidingly tulcruin by nieans of that one or more of its hearing; shoes on the companion al'iutnients which are farthest to the right in Fig. 2, and cause the intermediate disll: to turn on the huh in the direction of the arrow 5"? in Fig. 2. Under such assumption the driving; lugs 33 oi the rear disk would he relativelT stationary and in this case all the spring` seats 29 oit' the Jfront disk would inove to ward one side oi the rear driving lugs 33 to an equal extent and Cause all of the springs let to he tiered unihirrnly and at the saine tiine all of the cushion lugs 31 of the intermediate disk would more simultaneously an equal extent toward the opposite sides ott the rear driving lugs 33 and uniiinnily iler; the several springs 235., so that the conihined flexing eilleet which at this tinle is exerted upon the springs 34e, 235, serves to resist the downward radial displacement of the huh toward the lower part of the Wheel rini and to cushion the Weight oi.i the load imposed upon the Wheel accordingly. When the hub is displaced upwardly relativeljvv to the rim, the iulcrunis of the l'ront and intermediate cushion disks are reversed or shifted troni one side of the airis ot the Wheel to the other relativel;T to each oil these disks, but the operation is the saine. TWhen one or more of the hearing;` shoes of a cushion disk operates as a. sliding` fulcruin on one of the ahutinents ot theriin, all the other shoes of the saine disk more away freni their conipanion ahutinents more or less, depending on the distance ot the saine troni the location et the shoe which for the time heineserres as the t'uleruni.

resuming that only an ei'llort is imparted to the huh Ywhich would tend to turn the saine eirruinterentially relatirelj,v to the rinn then the rotar" iiiorenient oilf the rear driviup1 38 oi the rear disk upon turning in the direction oit the arrow 36, would cause the set of springs to he iiered and the other set ot 'ws B-ito he relieved.. while 'upon memup) t lese rear driving lugs ciruinrierentially in the opposite direction, the sexeral springs Het would he ilexed and the spring io oi the other set would he reliei'erh hut in either case 'the driving" torque would he yieldiuglyv ansinitted'lfroin thehuh to the run either h y the spi'iu ,a or other sprii i, anu` thereby en 'on this driving ei'lloru and relieve the tinnsniission line frein injuriouz-s rains. ssuniingi, liosfei'ins that there is a load sul start the axle ironi l or 35 on. the opi 32% troni those ist the terrine, are orque but continue to en 'masse to Whatever the `opposite springs.

extent the t" These elieets are 1 ditied more or less hy the sprin '1 later ilained, aeeording to the strength oit tne spi ings el@ relative to the springs Bel., Si).

lftlhen the wheel snhierte'l to hoth load "uns which nilare the huh and riin .w i i radially relrt ,..y to each. driving strains which operate to i' otherE and to tl' the and tlieicebv cushion its eiieet i ,c lv

the Wliee ieplaceineiit l1 otliei', g ineens L tliei'eiis sup- VG. u il :finali zi stop 'et-O at its oppeeue en( t ,J "C with Ln elastic. 'facing e0, pluiulitv et e leliien lugs il uiizinged on the :tiont intei'niediete d 1 :uid eut-,li Waidlv tliieugii one ot tbe ings. 238 und nei'inall Stop it one end tl ot cushioning; epiiing :i annulni ifoiv ai'oun-c, l and enel/1 zufizingged in one et s \l openings 3S end t the Spying seat i "s opgosite end bee therein.

e liub 'f Upon iediellv of the "Fieel iela disl:

Wheel, whereby the e pints of the Wheel ae et the saine time undo;l By inodicetion et tee epii the springe 3*, torque is moditied ue will By pikoviding tive e,

1 JA i 1. i] m 11i l, '12W ab ie ieiidei Je Cueluoniog; eiieet uniiolm in all positions oi the liub und run, and also lessen the diftenee ot travel o' each slioe upo i its bearing when 'he wheel is turning tional Contact et patte.

L- l4 u l Y. '1 in ofdei i exclude diit, dust :uid wutei troni the inte nl nette 01"' the resilient wvlieel, ieei covei is applied to the i'eai Side theieeii, the seine being iie`teiebly seemed et itsy n in by ineens of bolts 4eii While ei? tie like on the riin et the w" its central puit ieiife against tile iezii eide oAl o. wing disk 1 3 to guia-e the Wheel and i.`

i ed with an opening 45 "liii ugh uniieli the eine jects, and e :ionf @over el@ pie 7ided Wliioi extends :temes the tu l exi-e. and associated parte and is i ii to the wheel ifin by l seieivs e? entering the mont zibiitineiits.

' L pievent noise if'ioin the sudden Contact between the bearing vslitte/ces upon i-ebeuiiding,- 'ot the 'hub und i-iin into their noiniel Central positien uitteih these parte have been disple oi sliitted inte en eeifion ielatively to eacli other, a.. ol'ing device is pi'ovided which "j eonst'ueted ne follows, sind about midway of the length of tlie aider, two inner inelined oi' @ein feces 50 inwardly tioin seid salient ent' teiin an inneia Wedge and tvv@ inclined oi' Cani feces 5l Wliielil eenoutwardly troni Said salient points torni the outer wedge ot the Spieedei. 52 egiesent two thrust nieinbeis torint et i i-eterding; device and provided with beating shoes 53, 53 engaging with op eosite sides ot the spieade endyieldingly in engagement tlieiewith by spiing meins. The Spreading device and the re tei'dinp; devi@ are so mounted that one of tliese elements moves with the iim and the etliei with the liub and a-Xle i'eletivelg'yT to the exis oi" the Wheel but in the sonstwie/tien shown in the drawings which is an example of ene embodiment et this teetuie, tl'ie retaidingg' device is mounted to nieve bodil7 with the uXle and hub but capable oit turning; about tlie exis et these nuits, and lie spreading device is mounted to inove bodil;T .iitli the iiin but capable of turning` irelativelv tlieeto about the axis thereof. Foi1 this purpose the spreader is preferably er ranged on the rear or inner side of the front cover and above the axis ot the rim and provided at its lower end with a pivot ring i which turns on a pivot boss or stud arranged on the inner side oit the trout cover. This pivot ring is retained in place on this stud by means of a retaining plate engaging with the. rear side of the spreader and secured to the stud by means oil.t a screw 5T, as shown in Figs. 3 and l. The spreader is normally held above the axis ot the rim by means of a pendent weight 58 formed on or secured to the spreader and arranged below the pivot stud. this weight being heavier than the spreader so that the latter will normally point upwardly regardless ot the rotation olf the rim upon which the same is mounted.

The thrust members 52, are prelerably constructed in the iliorm of levers` which are arranged on opposite sides oil2 thc anis of the hub and axle and have their opposing central parts pivotally mounted on the front end ot the axle between a shoulder 59 on the latter and a screw nut applied to the 'liront end oi the same. rllhe upper arms 6l of the levers are comparatively light and carry the bearing` shoes 53, 53, and between the lower arms of the saine which are comparatively heavy, a tension device is arranged which constantly tends to spread these lower arms and hold the shoes on the upper arms thereof yieldingly in engagement with opposite sides ot the spreading member. By thus weighting the spreader and retarding arms7 the saine tend constantly to hang` in a vertical. position regardless oi the circuinterential position ot the hub and rim. In its preterred l'orm this tension device preferably comprises a dash pot which has its cylinder G2 termed integrally on the lower arm ot one ot the retarding levers concentrically with the axis thereof,V a dash piston G3 arranged in the dash cylinder and preferably formed integrally with the lower arm. of the other spreading lever1 and a spring 64 surrounding the dash cylinder and piston and bearing at its opposite ends against the inner sides of the lower arms ot' the retarding levers as best shown in Figs. 9 and l0.

ln the normal position of the axle and hub and the riin in which these parts are concentric the bearing shoes 53 ot the shock absorber or checking device engage with the high or salient points between the inner and outer wedges of the spreader, as shown in Figs. 3, il, 9 and 10. Assuming that the axle and hub move below the normal posit-ion relatively to the anis of the wheel rim. This will permit the shoes 53 of the retarding` levers to approach each other as they slide downwardly in engagement with the inwardly and downwardly converging or tapering surfaces 50 of the lower wedge, thereby permitting the spring 64. to. expand,

and when the axle and hub again rise to their normal central position so that the bearing slices are again spread to their maximum extent upon reaching the salient points al). the spring G-l is again compressed and thereby operates to retard the movenient or' the wheel trom its eccentric to its concentric position. lt the spreading and retarding devices become inverted as a result of swinging too tar or due to `frictional tendency in the bearings by which they are carried then the shoes 53 of the retarding levers approach each other by reason of the sliding` engagement ot the same with the outwardly tapering or converging surfaces 5l of the upper or outer wedge at this time, it being understood that the tension ot the spring 6st operates to spread the lower arms ot the retarding levers and hold the bearing shoes lirmly in engagement with the inclined surfaces ot the upper wedge. is the axle and hub again resume their normal position, the outer wedge spreads the two bearing shoes and compresses the spring (le between the retarding levers until the bearingshoes reach the salient points ot' the spreader, thereby servingI to cushion the rebound of the hub and rim relatively to each other when these parts resume their normal position. It a shock occurs while the parts 4S and are in a horizontal position then one et' the parts 53 will engage with one of the inclined surfaces 50 and the other part 53 vill engage with the diagonally opposite inclined surface 5l and then permit both the parts 53 to lirst approach each other and then be forced apart again to produce the desired checking effect. The cup-shaped packing G5 arranged on the piston and engaging with the cylinder ot the dash pot. serves to trap the air in the cylinder and prevent its ready escape when the piston moves into the cylinder. thereby aiding the spring ('34 in resisting the spreading action or", the wedge on the shoes of the retarding levers and insuring` a. greater cushioning effect, but the withdrawal ot' the piston from the cylinder can be effected more easily by reason oit the cup-shaped packing. thereby enabling this spring Gil to promptly spread the lower arms of the retarding levers and enable the bearing shoes on the upper arms thereof to properly tollow the respective wedge from the wide to the narrow part thereof.

ln the operation of this wheel, the retarding devices of this noise. preventing mechanisin may7 if the wheel members are concentric, rotate with the wheel; but this rotation will be promptly stopped when the parts 49 and 53 are no longer in a common circumterence; but regardless of,V the position of these parts at the instance of radial displacement they will fulfil their purpose of retarding the return of axle to the center.

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l claim as my invention: tl. A resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising two members rotatable coneentrically relatively to said hub, a plurality oi sets of bearings on said rim for cooperation with each of said members, the bearings ior each member being staggered and the bearings for one member facing circumterentially in one direction and those for the other member facing circumferentially in the opposite direction, and yielding means interposed between said members and operating to hold the same normally in a central position relatively to said rim.

A resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising a plurality of members rotatable concentrially relatively to said hub, a plurality of sets of bearings on said rim -for cooperation with eac-h et said members, the bearings Ylor each member being staggered and the bean ings 'tor one member racing circumferentially in one direction and those for the other member facing circiunterentially in the opposite direc-tion, and a plurality of sets oi' shoes arranged on each member and engaging respectively with the plurality of set-s of corresponding` learings on the rim, and yielding means interposed between said members and operating to hold the same normally in a central position relatively to said rin 3. A resilient wheel coi'nprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising a plurality oli members rotatable concentrically relatively to said hub, a plurality oli sets of curved bearings arranged in annular rows on said rim and cooperating with each ot said members, the bearings for one meinber facing circumerentially in one direction and the bearings for the other member facing circumiierentially in the opposite direction, and yielding means interposed between said members.

il. A resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising a plurality of members rotatable concentri.H cally relatively to said hub, a plurality of sets of curved bearings tor cooperation with each member arranged in annular rows on said rim, the bearings for one member facing circumferentially in one direction and the bearings for the other member facing eircum'ferentially in the opposite direction, a plurality of sets ot shoes arranged on each member for eoperation with the correspending bearings on the rim, and yielding means interposed between said members.

5. A resilient wheel comprising a hub, a

rim, and cushioning means interposed beinertes tween said hub and rim and comprising a plurality of members rotatable concentrically relatively to said hub, curved bearings arranged on said rim lor coperation with said members, the bearings Jfor one member Yfacing circumferentially in one direc-tion and the bearings for the other member lacing eircumferentially in the opposite direction, shoes pivoted on each ot said members and each shoe having a curved Irace engaging one of said curved bearings, and yielding means interposed between said members.

G. il resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising a plurality of nembers rota-table concentrically relatively to said hub, a plurality of sets bearings for coperation with each ci? said members, the liearings vtor one mem ber facing circumiereutially in one d tction and the bearings 'for the other member taeing circumterentially in the opposite direction, one of said members having a plurality of spring seats and a plurality ot stops and the other member having a plurality ofy cushioning lugs each of which is adapted to engage one olf' said stops, and a plurality oi springs each engaging one of its ends with one of said spring seats and its oppo site end with one of said lugs.

7. AA resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim, and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim and comprising a plurality ot cushioning members rotatable concentrically relatively to said hub, a plurality ot sets of bearings for cooperation with each et said members, the bearings tor one member facing circumferential in one direction and the bearings for the other member facing circuiniierentially in the opposite direction, one of said members h a ving a plurality of spring seats and a plurality of stops and the other member having a plurality ot cushioning lugs each of which is adapted to engage one ot said stops, a driving member turning with said hub and provided with a plurality of driving lugs each oi' which is arranged between one or said spring seats and an adjacent cushioning lue', and a plurality oi' sets oit springs, one member of one set being arranged between one side ot' each driving lug and the adjacent spring seat and one member of the other set being arranged between the opposite side oit said driving lug and the adjacent cushioning` lug.

8. A resilient wheel comprising a hub, a rim and cushioning means interposed between said hub and rim, Comprising a plurality of cushioningmembers rotatable concentrically relatively to said hub, one of said members being provided with a plurality or" annular sets oi spring seats, a plurality ot annular sets of stops, each stop being opposite one of said spring seats, i

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the other cushioning member being provided with a plurality ot annular sets oi cusliioninglugs each of which engages with one oi' said stops, a thiving` member tu ,-o will said. hub and having* a plurality or driving lugs each oll which is arranged l etween one of said spring seats and an opposing; stop, a oi springs interposed between the seats of one set oi seats and the coiresp.fniding` cushioning lugs, another set of springs interposed I.ietween the seats ci the other set ot seats and one side oli said dri ving lue' other set of springs interposed between the other set olf' cushioninp,` lugs and the opgnsite side oilt said driving` liigis, and said rim being; inforidei'l with bearings Aiior cooperation with said cushioning members, the bearings lor one cushioning' member facing' circuniliereir tially in one direction and the bearings for the other cushioning' member facing circum- 'lierentially in the opposite direction.

9. A resilient wheel comprisingI a hub member, a rim member, one member carrying; a plurality of bearings, the other member carrying' concentrically a plurality of parts revoluble thereon, each of said parts being provided with an equal number of bearings 'for engagement in opposite circumferential directions with said lirst menA tioned bearings, resilient means between said revoluble parts to oppose their relative rotation in one direction and springibases also carried by the member with which the revoluble parts are concentric which bases intersect the said resilient elements.

l0. ln a. resilient wheeha rim, a hub centrally positioned therewith, and resilient element to yieldingly resist all relative movements of said rim and hub radially and also circunrterentially in both directions, said resilient element being` so placed as to be affected equally in ay circuinierential direction in all positions ot rotation oll the wheel.

ll. ln a resilient wheel, a rim., an axle centrally positioned therewith and a resilient element to yieldingrly resist the relative movement of said rim and axle dially and also circumiierentially in bot-h directions, said resilient element being;` so placed as to be effected equally in all positions of the wheel and in combination another resilient clement so placed. as to resist the relative movement ot said rim and axle radially only.

l2. ln a resilient wheel, a hub member. a ri in inen'ibcr, means lier vieldingly maintain ing,- said members in their normal relative positions7 comprising revoluble parts carried by one ot said members, means o'l enoageiiis-int of said parts with said other meniber by circumferential contact in opposite directions, such means oli engagement beine' arranged successively in stao'ered relation,

and resilient means to tend to maintain such contact.

ln a resilient wheel, a rim member, a hub member rotatal'ile in relation thereto.` and devices for yieldingly holding,- said members in their normal relation, which ilrvices iiuflude a resilient element compressiblc in a bcn iiierential direction so placed as to cushion every circumferential between said members by lilre action in all positions oi" the rotation oli the wheel.

1+i. in a resilient wheel, a driving' niember, a driven member movable radially and also circumierentially in both directions in relation thereto, a resilient element operating' 'uniformly in all circumferential posi? tions of said wheel to yieldingly resist all or said movements, and means whereby all the 'forces oi? driife are transmitted from said driving` member to said driven member direc lv through said resilient element.

1 a wheel, a rim member, a hub inember movable radially or circumterentially in either direction in relation to said rim meinber, a yieldable element, and means whereby said yieldable element is actuated to yield circuin.'lerentially ol said wheel in like manner in all positions of the rotation of the wheel by any relative radial or circumferential movements of said hub and rim members.

' t3. ln a wheel, a hub, a rim, said hub and rim beine, movable radially and circumfere'tially in relation to each other, a resilient unit operatively associated therewith, and means whereby a relative radial movement ot said hub and rim is resisted by the tension ot said resilient unit Jrom end to end, while a relative circuinterential movement or said hub and rim is resisted by the tension ot said resilient unit only between an end and a'point intermediate its ends, the construction and arrangement beingsuch that each olf `id movements iniiuences said resilient unit uniformly in all rotary positions ot the wheel.

if?. In a resilient wheel. a hub member, a rim member movable radially or circumferentially in either direction with respect to said hub member, resilient means coinpressed in a cii'cumierential direction to yieldin y resist all of said relative movements ol said hub and rim members whether said hub and rim members are concentric or eccentric, including4 a resilient element so positioned as to be equally aiilected in all positions of rotation oi3 said wheel by any et said movements.

i8. il resilient wheel comprising' a hub member, a riin member, one oi'l said members being' provided with a plura-lty of fixed driving' elements and also with coaxial revoluble parts which operatively engage the other oli said members in substantially conllO centric position, and resilient means io yieldiiigiy resist the rotation of said eoaxial parts in opposse ciieuim'r'ei'ential directions, said iesilieiit means being interseotei'L by said di'iviiig eieiients.

19. 111 :i resilient Wheel, a driving memberg a driven member, :i plurality of fesilient eiements to cushion said Wheel against the effect of shock, load or diive each of seid resilient eiements being of LQjreaei leeg-h in resisting' the force oshock than in resistiiipy the 'force of diive, Jshe eoiisf'iiieion and aii'angeiiient being siieii :i 'd ifesileii eieiiieii's ae iuiziiiiected by said driving member under load or shook.

JAMES L. GARE/ER 

